Increased pyruvic acid levels have been associated with diabetes mellitus, vitamin deficiencies, uremia, congestive heart failure, liver diseases, muscular dystrophy, thiamine deficiency, and neoplastic conditions. Pyruvic acid is useful in assessing oxygen deprivation and provides an index of the severity of circulatory failure.
There appears to be no adequate means of preserving the pyruvic acid level (including the use of sodium fluoride), except immediate precipitation of blood proteins. Because of the time required to obtain serum or plasma from drawn blood, the pyruvic acid values observed with plasma are likely to be different from the true initial values; therefore, the use of whole blood with subsequent protein precipitation for pyruvic acid determination is recommended.