Diabetes Autoimmune Profile (Insulin Ab, GAD 65 Ab, IA-2 Ab, ZNT8 Ab, Interpretation)

Diabetes autoantibodies assessment is helpful in identifying and managing patients at risk for development of type 1 diabetes. Published positivity rates for diabetes autoantibodies in new-onset type 1 diabetes patients listed below are based on the combined analysis of GAD-65, ICA 512, insulin antibodies, and ZnT8 antibodies. The combined analysis has a 98% autoimmunity detection rate, with 1.8% diabetic individuals remaining as autoantibody-negative. fewer than 3% of type 2 diabetics have positive antibodies.¹

Positive rate in new-onset type 1 diabetes patients:

• GAD-65 antibodies = 68% positive

• ICA 512 antibodies = 72% positive

• Insulin antibodies = 55% positive

• ZnT8 antibodies = 63% positive

An increase in the number of positive antibodies is associated with a higher likelihood of type 1 diabetes.

1. Wenzlau JM, Juhl K, Yu L, et al. The cation efflux transporter ZnT8 (Slc30A8) is a major autoantigen in human type 1 diabetes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2007 Oct 23; 104(43):17040-17045. PubMed 17942684